Opel Corsa B, Combo, Tigra

Since 1993-2000 of release

Repair and car operation

System of onboard self-diagnostics OBD - the general information

The material resulted more low has only descriptive character and is not adhered to any concrete mark or car model.

Data on diagnostic devices

Check of serviceability of functioning of components of systems of injection and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases is made by means of a universal digital measuring instrument (multimeter). Use of a digital measuring instrument preferably for the several reasons. First, on analogue devices it is difficult enough (at times, it is impossible), to define result of the indication to within the 100-th and thousand shares while at inspection of the contours including in the structure electronic components, such accuracy takes on special significance. The second, the reason that fact is not less important that the internal contour of a digital multimeter, has high enough impedance (internal resistance of the device makes 10 million Ohm). As the voltmeter is connected to a checked chain in parallel, accuracy of measurement by that above, than the smaller parasitic current will pass through actually device. The given factor is not essential at measurement concerning high values of pressure (9 12), however there is defining at diagnostics of elements giving out low-voltage signals, such, as, for example, a ljambda-probe where it is a question of measurement of shares of volt.

The most convenient devices for diagnostics of control systems by the engine of modern models of cars are manual input readers сканерного type. Scanners of the first generation serve for reading of codes of malfunctions of systems OBD-I. Before application the input reader should be checked up on conformity of model and year of release of the checked car. Some scanners are multipurpose at the expense of possibility of change of a cartridge depending on model of the diagnosed car (Ford, GM, Chrysler, etc.), others are adhered to requirements of the regional authorities and are intended for use in certain areas of the world (Europe, Asia, the USA etc.).

Recently, at diagnostics of control systems by the engine of modern cars such reading out devices, as manual scanners of type Actron Scantool or AutoXray XP240 became absolutely irreplaceable

Diagnostic scanner New Generation Star (NGS) (wide application scanners FDS 2000 have received also, Bosch FSA 560 [www.bosch.de] and KTS 500 [0 684 400 500])

With introduction in manufacture meeting the requirements of last legislations on preservation of the environment of system of onboard diagnostics of the second generation (OBD-II) input readers of a special design have started to be issued. Some manufacturers have adjusted release of the scanners intended for use by mechanics-fans in house conditions, - ask in shops of automobile accessories. One more very convenient diagnostic device is the expensive specialised diagnostic computer of type ADC2000 of firm Launch HiTech), or the usual personal computer in the complete set with a special cable and the adapter (the complete set 1 687 001 439). Some scanners besides usual diagnostic operations allow at connection to the personal computer to unpack stored in memory of the module of management basic schemes of an electric equipment (if those are put), to program anticreeping system, to observe signals in safety lock chains in real time.

The adapter for the coordination of diagnostic lines To and L with computer CATFISH-PORT

The free version of browser OBD II can be downloaded from a site of composers of the present Management

Basically, reading written down in memory of system of self-diagnostics of codes of malfunctions can be made by means of a control lamp of refusals MIL and a wire-crosspiece established between concrete plugs of a 16-contact diagnostic socket.

The general description of system OBD

On II modules equipped with system OBD on established under a cowl шильде there should be a record OBD II compliant, and diagnostic socket DLC should be 16-contact. As a rule, system OBD II necessarily equips the models intended for the North American market, since 1996 of release, and also the European models, since 2000 of release.

System OBD structure includes some the diagnostic devices making monitoring of separate parametres of systems of decrease of toxicity and fixing revealed refusals in memory of the onboard processor in the form of individual codes of malfunctions. The system makes also check of gauges and actuation mechanisms, supervises operational cycles of a vehicle, provides possibility of freezing of parametres and clearing of the block of memory.

All models described in the present Management are equipped by system of onboard diagnostics of the second generation (OBD-II). A system Basic element is the onboard processor, more often named the electronic module of management (ECM). ECM is a brain of a control system of the engine. The initial data arrives on the module from various information gauges and other electronic components (switches, the relay etc.) . On the basis of the analysis of the data arriving from information gauges and according to put in memory of the processor in base parametres, ECM develops commands on operation of various operating relays and actuation mechanisms, carrying out thereby updating of working parametres of the engine and providing peak efficiency of its return at the minimum expense of fuel. Data read-out of memory of processor OBD-II is made by means of the special scanner connected to a 16-contact diagnostic socket of reading of a database (DLC), located under a decorative cover on the central console ahead of the lever of a drive of a lay brake.

Diagnostic socket systems OBD II, - at connection use standard cable OBD-II J1962

Appointment of some conclusions of standard 16-contact socket DLC of system OBD II: 1 - 2 — The data exchange Tyre + 3 — The Line of data exchange АТ, the elektronno-operated hatch of a roof, the uniform lock 4 — Connection with the case 5 — The Case - an alarm conclusion 6 — The Blinking code 7 — The Line To data exchange ECM, memories of position of seats and mirrors (ISO 9141) 8 — A data exchange Line темпостата, the multipurpose information display, the anticreeping alarm system 9 - 11 - 10 — The data exchange Tyre - 12 — The Line of data exchange ABS, антипробуксовочной systems, systems of safety, the wheel hydraulic booster 13 - 14 - 15 — Line L 16 — Protected by a safety lock + batteries (it is constant energised)

Basically, reading written down in memory of system of self-diagnostics of codes of malfunctions can be made by means of a wire-crosspiece established between concrete plugs of a 16-contact diagnostic socket (address to illustrations).

On service of components of control systems by the engine/decrease of toxicity of the fulfilled gases special guarantee certificates with the prolonged period of validity extend. It is not necessary to undertake attempts of independent performance of problem diagnostics ECM or replacement of components of system, to an exit of terms of the given obligations, - address to experts of firm car repair shops of company Opel.

Information gauges (depending on a car complete set)

Oxygen gauges (ljambda-probes) - the Gauge develops a signal which amplitude depends on a difference of the maintenance of oxygen (О₂₎ in the fulfilled gases of the engine and external air.

The gauge of position of a cranked shaft (СКР) - the Gauge informs ECM on position of a cranked shaft and engine turns. The given information is used by the processor at definition of the moments of injection of fuel and installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition.

The gauge of position of pistons (CYP) - On the basis of the analysis of signals ECM arriving from the gauge calculates position of the piston of the first cylinder and uses the given information at definition of the moments and sequence of injection of fuel in chambers of combustion of the engine.

Gauge VMT (TDC) - signals Developed by the gauge are used ECM at definition of installations of a corner of an advancing of ignition at the moment of engine start.

The gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid of the engine (EATS) - On the basis of information ESM/arriving from the gauge carries out necessary updatings of structure of an air-fuel mix and a corner of an advancing of ignition, and also supervises system EGR work.

The gauge of temperature of soaked up air (IAT) - ECM uses the information arriving from gauge IAT at updatings of a stream of fuel, installations of a corner of an advancing of ignition and management of system EGR functioning.

The gauge of position throttle заслонки (TPS) - the Gauge is located on the case of a throttle and connected to an axis throttle заслонки. On amplitude given out TPS signal ECM defines a corner of opening throttle заслонки (copes the driver from a gas pedal) and in appropriate way corrects fuel giving in inlet ports of chambers of combustion. Gauge refusal, or easing of its fastening leads to faults of injection and infringements of stability of turns of idling.

The gauge of absolute pressure in the pipeline (МАР) - the Gauge supervises variations of depth of depression in the inlet pipeline, connected with changes of turns of a cranked shaft and loading on the engine and will transform the received information to a peak signal. ECM uses delivered by gauges MAR and IAT the information at thin updatings of giving of fuel.

The barometric gauge of pressure (BARO) - the Gauge develops the peak signal proportional to changes of atmospheric pressure which is used ECM at definition of duration of the moments of injection of fuel. The gauge is built in module ECM and to service in an individual order is not subject.

The detonation gauge (KS) - the Gauge reacts to change of level of the vibrations connected with detonations in the engine. On the basis of information ECM arriving from the gauge carries out corresponding updating of a corner of an advancing of ignition.

The gauge of speed of movement of the car (VSS) - As appears from its name, the gauge informs the processor on current speed of movement of the car.

The gauge of size of opening of valve EGR - the Gauge notifies ECM on displacement size плунжера valve EGR. The received information is used then the processor at management of system functioning рециркуляции the fulfilled gases.

The pressure gauge in a fuel tank - the Gauge is a component of system of catching of fuel evaporations (EVAP) and serves дляотслеживания pressure of steams of gasoline in a tank. On the basis of information ECM arriving from the gauge gives out commands on operation of electromagnetic valves of a purge of system.

The gauge-switch of pressure of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel (PSP) - On the basis of information ECM arriving from gauge-switch PSP provides increase of turns of idling at the expense of operation of the gauge of system of stabilisation of turns of idling (IAC) for the purpose of indemnification of increasing loadings on the engine, connected with functioning of the steering hydraulic booster at fulfilment of maneuvers.

Transmissionnye gauges - In addition to the data arriving from VSS, ECM receives also the information from gauges placed in a transmission, or connected to it. Number of such gauges concern: () the gauge of turns of a secondary (radical) shaft and (b) the gauge of turns of an intermediate shaft.

The gauge-switch of management of inclusion муфты couplings of the conditioner of air - At giving of a food from the battery to the electromagnetic valve of compressor K/V a corresponding information signal arrives on ECM which regards it as the certificate of increase of loading on the engine and in appropriate way corrects turns of its idling.

Actuation mechanisms

The relay of the fuel pump - ECM makes activation of the relay of the fuel pump at поворачивании the ignition key in position II or III. At inclusion of ignition relay activation provides pressure lifting in the power supply system. More detailed information on the main relay is resulted in the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases.

The injector () fuel - ECM provides individual inclusion of each of injectors according to the established order of ignition. Besides, the module supervises duration of opening of the injectors, defined in the width of an operating impulse measured in milliseconds and defining quantity of fuel injected into the cylinder. More detailed information by a principle of functioning of system of injection, replacement and service of injectors is resulted in the Head of the Power supply system, release and decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases.

The module of management of ignition (ICM) - the Module operates functioning of the coil of ignition, defining a demanded base advancing on the basis of developed ECM commands.

The valve of stabilisation of turns of idling (IAC) - Valve IAC carries out a dosage of quantity of air which is restarted up bypassing throttle заслонки when last is closed, or occupies idling position. Opening of the valve and formation результирующего an air stream operates ECM.

The electromagnetic valve of a purge of a coal adsorber - the Valve is a component of system of catching of fuel evaporations (EVAP) and, working at the command of ECM, carries out release of steams which have accumulated in an adsorber of fuel in the inlet pipeline for the purpose of their burning in the course of normal functioning of the engine.

The electromagnet of management of a purge of a coal adsorber - the Electromagnet is used ECM at check by system OBD-II of serviceability of functioning of system EVAP.

Reading of codes of malfunctions and clearing of memory of the processor

At revealing of the malfunction repeating successively in spirit trips, ECM gives out a command on inclusion of the control lamp built in in an instrument guard Check up the engine, named also the indicator of refusals (MIL). Simultaneously ECM it is switched to emergency operation. The lamp will continue to burn until memory of system of self-diagnostics will not be cleared of the codes of the revealed malfunctions brought in it.

Reading of codes by means of the scanner

Reading of codes of malfunctions is made by connection of the special input reader to 16-contact diagnostic socket DLC, - operate according to instructions of the menu of the device.

Reading of codes by means of a control lamp of refusals MIL

PERFORMANCE ORDER

Muffle the engine and switch off ignition. Open a decorative cover of the central console ahead of the lever of a lay brake and close among themselves plugs A and B (release models on 1995), or close on weight the plug 6 sockets DLC (models of release since 1995), - operate extremely cautiously, try not to bend the plug. It is necessary to remember that bad contacts in клеммных connections can be at the bottom of failure of the module of management, or to infringement of serviceability of functioning of memory of the processor. For reading of diagnostic codes of models on 1995 вып. By means of control lamp MIL close plugs A and B socket DLC For reading of diagnostic codes of models from 1995 вып. By means of control lamp MIL earth on weight the plug 6 16-contact sockets DLC Include ignition. Reading written down in memory of the module of management of diagnostic codes is made on the gleams which are given out by a control lamp of refusals MIL / Check up the engine on a car control panel (Controls and operation receptions in the Management beginning see the Head). The code of each malfunction consists of two or three groups of gleams (categories). The quantity of flashes in group corresponds to value of the category of a code. The short pause separates code categories, the long pause serves for division of codes. Высвечивание each code it is made successively three times. Codes stand out in sequence of increase of numbers. To zero there correspond 10 flashes of a control lamp. The highlighted code allows to define only the system chain which refusal has been fixed by self-diagnostics system. So, if the code specifies in malfunction of the gauge of temperature of a cooling liquid (ECT), the probability of infringement of functioning actually the management module is not excluded also. To establish true it is possible or gauge replacement, or by carrying out of corresponding control measurements. At chain check, first of all, disconnect corresponding electroconducting and check up a condition of its contact connections of connection. In case of need smooth out plugs, completely having removed from them oxidation traces. Check up reliability of fastening of a cable at a cable tip. Check up resistance of a suspected element, - if nominal resistance of an element is insignificant, it is necessary to take into consideration such factors, as accuracy and internal resistance of the measuring device. Check up integrity of the wires going to the module of management (be in case of need verified with schemes of the electric connections resulted in the Head the Onboard electric equipment). At reading of the codes specifying in excessive understating of level of a signal, first of all, it is necessary to make sure of reliability of grounding of a corresponding component. Overestimate of level of a signal appears connected with electroconducting breakage more often.

The information maintenance of categories of a 5-digit code of kind P0380

Categories of a code of kind Р 0 3 8 0 have following value (from left to right):

1 category
P	The power unit
B	Body
WITH	The chassis
U	Communication tyres of data exchange of control systems
2 category	Code source
0	Standard SAE
1	Expanded - set by the manufacturer
3 category	System
0	System as a whole
1	подмешивания air
2	Fuel injection
3	System of ignition or ignition admissions
4	The additional control of release
5	Speed of the car and management х.х.
6	Entrance and target signals of the block of management
7	Transmission
4,5 categories	Serial number of malfunction of a component or chain (00-99)

Clearing of memory OBD

PERFORMANCE ORDER

For clearing of memory ЕСМ switch off ignition, take a crosspiece earthing the plug of socket DLC, and disconnect the plug of the battery not less than for 60 seconds, or connect to system the scanner and choose in its menu function CLEARING CODES (Removal of codes), - further follow instructions highlighted on the device.

Clearing of memory OBD by a detachment of a negative wire from the battery, is interfaced to removal of adjusting parametres of the engine and infringement of stability of its turns for short time after primary start, and also with deleting of options of hours and a radio receiver.

If the stereosystem established on the car is equipped by a security code before to disconnect the battery make sure that have a correct combination for audiosystem input in action!

In order to avoid damage ЕСМ its switching-off and connection should be made only at the switched off ignition!

The code written down in memory leaves automatically if corresponding malfunction does not appear during 20 starts of the engine following successively one after another (quantity of turns should be not more low 450 in a minute).

Track, that memory of system has been cleared before installation on the engine of new components of systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases. If before start of system after replacement of the failed information gauge not to make clearing of memory of refusals, ECM will bring in it a new code of malfunction. Memory clearing allows the processor to make change-over on new parametres. Thus the first 15-20 minutes after primary start of the engine before the termination of adaptation ECM, some infringement of stability of its turns can take place.